Thursday 18 August 2011

IMPINDURA MATWARA YARANZE CONGO (isimburana ryubuyobozi,namateka)

 Nkuko tubikesha urubuga rwa internet rwitwa IMURENGE.COM yavuze zimwe mumpinduka zabayeho kuva congo yakitwa EMPIRE CONGO nubwo batavuze zose uko zakabaye ariko izo nizo zingenzi dushobora kuvugamo, nkuko tubizi empire Congo yari imwe muri za empire nini muri Afurika( afrique)  nkuko nubundi Congo iri mubihugu byambere muri afurika, kuko iza kumwanya wa 2 ntuma ya Algeria, nkuko igihugu cyari icyambere cyari Sudan ariko igifatanye na leta ya Sudan yamajyepfo ( South Sudan), ubu ikaba yarabaye reta yemewe n'umuryango mpuzamahanga, UN bakaba barakuwe kumwanya wa mbere nigihu cyari icyakabiri.nkuko rero twavuze Empire Congo ko yari nini nanubu iracari nini, mumateka yayo rero hari hamwe hatibukwa imyaka kuko byabaye kera nkitangira rya Empire Congo tariki ntiyabashijwe kumenyekana.
Ishirwaho ry’ubutegetsi bgiswe “Empire Kongo”. Ubu butegetsi bgari bufite icicaro gikuru mu majaruguru ya Angola. Bgari bugizwe kandi n’uturere duherereye mu burengerazuba bga Congo; utu turere tukaba twari dukikije inzuzi Kisale na Upemba ziri muri Katanga ariyo Shaba ubu.
1482: Umugabo wo muri Portugal witwaga Diego Cao (navigator/navigateur) yabaye umunyaburayi wa mbere wageze muri Congo. Kubera iyi mpamvu, igihugu ca Portugal cahise kigirana ubushuti bukomeye n’umwami wa Congo.
Ikinyejana ca 16 na 17: Abongereza, Abadage, Abanyeportigale, hamwe n’Abafaransa batangiye ubucuruzi bg’abacakara bifashishije Congo (bishaka kuvuga ko Congo yabigizemo uruhare).
1870s (umwaka ntuzwi): Umwami w’Umubirigi Leopold II yafashe icemezo mw’ibanga co kubata (gukoroniza) Congo.
1874-77: Umushakashatsi w’inzira w’Umwongereza Henry Stanley yakoze urugenzi ava mu ruzi rwa Congo (fleuve Congo) kugera muri oseya Atilantike (Ocean Atlantique).
1879-87: Umwami Leopold II ategeka Stanley gushiraho ubutegetsi bg’umwami wa Congo.
1884-85: Abategetsi b’i Burayi bashigikira igikorwa c’umwami Leopold co kubata Congo.
1885: Leopold atangaza ishirwaho rya Congo, aho iwe ubge yari umuyobozi.
1891-92: Ababirigi batangira gutwara (kuyobora) Katanga.
1892-94: Uburasirazuba bga Congo bgakwa Abarabu ndetse n’abantu bari biganjemo abavuga igiswahiri.
1908: Leta y’‘Ububirigi yiha Congo (bayigira iyabo) ku gahato nubgo Abakongomani benshi bahaguye babirwanya. Bivugwa yuko ico gihe hishwe miliyoni z’Abakongomani.
1955: Umwarimu w’Umubirigi Antoin van Bilsen ashira ahagaragara ico yise gahunda y’imyaka 30 (30-Year Plan) yo guha Congo uburyo bgo kuzamuka mu miyoborere yayo ubgayo yonyine (self-government).
1959: Ububirigi butangira gutakaza ububasha bitewe n’ibihe bikomeye Congo yari irimo, birimo kwigaragambya mu muji wa Leopoldville (Kinshasa y’ubu).
Mu kwezi kwa 6, 1960: Congo ibona ubgigenge, ari nabgo Patrice Lumumba yabaye minisitiri w’intebe na Joseph Kasavubu nka perezida.
Mu kwezi kwa 7, 1960: Moise Tshombe asaba ko Katanga yakwikukira. Ingabo z’Ababirigi zoherezwayo kurinda Ababirigi babagayo ndetse n’abandi bantu bimbaga amabuye y’agaciro. Ingabo za Loni nazo zoherezwayo kurinda umutekano ariko zihabwa amategeko yo kutivanga mu bibazo.
Mu kwezi kwa 9, 1960: Perezida Joseph Kasavubu yangaza Patrice Lumumba, ntiyashaka ko aguma ku mwanya we mu butegetsi.
Mu kwezi kwa 12, 1960: Patrice Lumumba arafungwa.
Mu kwezi kwa 2, 1961: Patrice Lumumba aricwa mu bufatanye bg’Abanyamerika n’Ababirigi, nkuko byemezwa na benshi.
Mu kwezi kwa 8, 1961: Abasirikare ba Loni batangira kwambura abasirikare b’Abanyakatanga imbunda.
1963: Moise Tshombe yemeze ko abaturage bo muri Katanga bagomba gusubizwa uburenganzira bgabo nk’Abakongomani bagenzi babo.
1964: Perezida Joseph Kasavubu aha Tshombe umwanya wa Patrice Lumumba (kuba minisitiri wa mbere).
1965: Joseph Mobutu yirukana Kasavubu na Tshombe nyuma y’igitero gikomeye yakoze (coup d’état).
1971: Perezida Mobutu ahindura izina ry’igihugu Zaire ndetse n’izina rye bgite Mobutu Sese Seko. Ikindi kandi Katanga yayise Shaba, uruzi Congo (fleuve Congo) arwita uruzi Zaire (fleuve Zaire).
1973-74: Mobutu aha ubgenegihugu abantu batari babusanganywe ndetse yirukana abacuruzi b’Abanyaburayi muri Congo.
1977: Mobutu agarura abacuruzi yari yarirukanye. Mobutu kandi yifashisha ingabo z’Abafaranga, Ababirigi, n’iza Maroc gusubiza inyuma ibitero muri Katanga byari bifite ibirindiro muri Angola.
1989: Zaire inanirwa kuzuza amategeko agenga inguzanyo yari yahawe n’u Bubirigi. Ibi byatumye imirimo y’iterambere mu gihugu ihagarara ndetse n’ubutunzi bumera nabi cane.
1990: Mobutu yemera kurangiza ikibazo kijanye n’imihari myinshi muri politike y’igihugu; ibi byatumye ashiraho ubutegetsi bg’agateganyo (transition) ariko ntibyamubujije gusigarana ububasha mu butegetsi.
1991: Bikurikiranye n’imyigaragambyo y’abasirikare kubera kudahembga i Kinshasa ku murwa mukuru, Mobutu yemeye gusangira ubutegetsi n’abamurwanyaga ariko agumana ububasha mu bijanye n’umutekano ndetse na zimwe mu ntebe zikomeye mu butegetsi.
1993: Habayeho ivuka ry’ubutegetsi bg’abashigikiye ndetse n’abadashigikiye Mobutu.
1994: Mobutu yemera ubutegetsi bga Kengo Wa Dondo nka minisitiri w’intebe.
1996-97: Mu gihe Mobutu yari hanze kwivuza, igihugu giterwa n’abari bayobowe na Laurent Desire Kabila.

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