UBUTWARI BWA MARTIN LUTHER KING DUSHOBORA KUBWIGIRAHO

UBUTWARI BWA MARTIN LUTHER KING DUSHOBORA KUBWIGIRAHO

Ubutwari bga Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. ntibugereranywa.

Yanditswe ku minsi 10 / 11/2011 - 6:00:42 Mwabigejejweho na Manzi Bonny umwanditsi mukuru w’Umusanzu.blogspot.com

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Ifoto:iyi ni ifoto ye

Nkunko iyi nkuru yakorewe ubushakashatsi kuma site atandukanye nk’ IMURENGE.COM,WICKMWDIA.COM … Ikinyamakuru UMUSANZU.COM yifuje kubagezaho amateka yuyu mugabo wabaye intwari mubirabura bohambere

 Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. yavutse ku minsi 15, mu kwezi kwa mbere, 1929, avukira mu muji wa Atlanta, muri Georgia, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Yari umwana w'umupasiteri w'kanisa ryitwa Ebenezer Baptist Church muri Atlanta. Ise yitwaga Michael Luther King, nyina akitwa Alberta King. Martin Luther yasengewe kuba umwungeri w'iri kanisa i Montgomery, Atlanta mu mwaka w'1947. Yaje kuba umwungeri nyiri zina mu mwaka w'1954. Guhera mu mwaka w'1955 kugeza mu mwaka w'1956, yayoboye abirabura bagenzi be kurwanya akarengane kabakorerwaga, cane cane bashirwaga iruhande bakangirwa kugendera mu ma bisi (bus) ya leta. Tubibutse ko muri iki gihe, Abirabura bari bafashwe nabi cane n'abagenzi babo b'Abazungu. Ibi bikorwa byo gushakira Abirabura bo muri Amerika ubgigenge yabitangiriye mu maj'epfo ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ariko aza kubikomereza muri Amerika yose.

Nubgo yafunzwe incuro nyinshi azira ubu butwari, mu mwaka w'1963 yaramenyekanye cane mu rwego rw'isi yose. Muri uyu mwaka nyine yaje kuyobora imyigaragambyo yabereye i Washington, D.C., aho yitabiriwe n'abantu barenga ibihumbu 200. Mu mwaka w'1964, yahawe igihembo c'amahoro citiriwe Nobel (Nobel Peace Prize). Burya ngo intwari ntirama, ku minsi 4 y'ukwezi kwa kane, 1968, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. yararashwe aricwa ubgo yari ahagaze imbere y'ihoteri yitwa Lorraine, mu muji wa Memphis, Tennessee. Kubera ubutwari bge, Leta ya Amerika yashizeho urwibutsi rwo kumwibuka buri mwaka mu kwezi kwa mbere.

Dore muri make ubuzima bge:

Muri 1929: Martin Luther King, Jr. nibgo yavutse.

Muri 1944: Yarangije amasomo yo hejuru afite imyaka 15.

Muri 1948: Yarangije kaminuza afite imyaka 19, aho yize ibijanye n'imibereho y'abantu n'ingo muri Morehouse College.

Muri 1951: Yize kandi ahabga diporome ya teologi (theology) mu muji wa Chester, i Pennsylvania.

Muri 1953: Yashakanye n'uwitwa Coretta Scott babyarana abana bane.

Muri 1954: Yabaye umwungeri w'ikanisa ryitwa Dexter Avenue Baptist Church i Montgomery, muri Atlanta.

Muri 1955: Yafashe diporome yo mu rwego rwa Ph.D mu bijanye na teologi muri kaminuza y'i Boston.

Muri uyu mwaka kandi nibgo yatangiye kurwanya akarengane kakorerwaga Abirabura muri Amerika afite imyaka 26 gusa. Maze aramenyekana muri Amerika yose.

Muri 1956: Inzu yiwe yararashwe. Urukiko rukuru rwa Amerika rwatangiye kwiga ikibazo Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. yarwanyaga (kwangirwa kw'Abirabura kugendera mu ma bisi ya Leta).

Muri 1957: King yafashije mw'ishingwa rya konferanse bise Southern Christian Leadership Conference.

Muri 1958: Yanditse igitabo yise Stride Toward Freedom (bisobanurwa ngo kugenda urugenzi rurerure ugana ku bgigenge). Iki gitabo kiravuga hejuru yo kwangirwa kw'Abirabura kugendera mu ma bisi ya Leta.

Muri 1959: Yasuye igihugu c'Ubuhinde aja kwiga ibijanye no kwigaragambya mu mahoro.

Muri 1960: Yafatikanyije na se umubyara ku mwanya w'ubupasiteri mw'ikanisa rya Ebenezer Baptist Church muri Atlanta.

Muri 1963: Yarafashwe arafungwa azira kurwanya akarengane k'Abirabura. Yafungiwe ahitwa i Birmingham, muri Alabama. Ari mu buroko, yanditse urwandiko yise Letter From Birmingham City Jail (urwandiko ruvuye mu buroko bga Birmingham). Uru rwandiko yarwanditse avuga ko abantu bafite uburenganzira bgo kurwanya akarengane no gukoresha amateko nabi kuri bamwe. Muri uyu mwaka kandi nibgo yatanze diskuru yakunzwe cane yitwa I Have a Dream (mfite inzozi).

Muri 1964: Yanditse igitabo yise Why We Can't Wait (impamvu tudashobora gutegereza). Kongere (congress) ya Amerika yemeje ikurwaho ry'akarengane mu masomo no mu tuzi. King yahawe igihembo c'amahoro zitiriwe Nobel (Nobel Peace Prize).

Muri 1965: King n'ishirahamwe twavuze haruguru yatangije ryiswe Southern Christian Leadership Conference bishize hamwe maze bakora indi myigaragambyo yari igamije guha abantu bose uburenganzira bgo gutora. Kongere ya Amerika kandi yatambukije itegeko ryemerera Abirabura gutora.

Muri 1966: King yatangiye nonoho kurwanya akarengane gashingiye k'ubutunzi. Southern Christian Leadership Conference yokomeje ibikorwa byayo mu maja ruguru ya Amerika. Muri Chicago bahafungura ibiro byabo. Batangira kurwanya akarengane mu bijanye no guhabga amazu ndetse n'utuzi.

Muri 1967: King atangiza gahunda yo kurwanya ubukene asaba ko ubutunzi bgagaburwa bukagera no ku Birabura b'abakene. Yasohoye igitabo yise Where Do We Go from Here: Chaos or Community? (ko turaja hehe: imiyoborere mibi cangwa kuba umwe?)

Muri 1968: Yararashwe aricwa ahitwa i Memphis muri Tenessee. Nyuma y'urupfu rwe, habaye kwigaragambya mu bayoboke be mu miji irenga 100 ya Amerika.